Introduction
“We were not taught our history, and that’s the bottom line,” states local Florida historian, photographer, and author Cynthia Wilson-Graham. Even though the U.S. South has a deep connection to Black history (and people of non-European ancestry), these stories lack representation in broadcast media and in public spaces, and they are left at the margins of, or ignored completely in, school curricula.
As Marvin Dunn notes in his book A History of Florida: Through Black Eyes, “people of African descent have been major players in almost every significant event in the history of Florida from the arrival of the conquistadors to the launch of the space shuttle…[and yet] [g]enerations of African Americans in Florida [and most other Americans] have been denied our history. That is an intellectual crime” (x-xii). Decolonizing representations means that people of color and women are included, in ways that highlight their achievements and not only their oppression. It also means that the learning experience goes beyond the written word, making art integral to education and expressing lived experiences. Paintings, podcasts, animations, poetry, critical art making, and video games can be modalities of learning and teaching that decolonize representations, particularly when crafted with deep collaboration and communal arts experiences.
Amanda Concha-Holmes, an affiliate faculty in the Center for Arts, Migration and Entrepreneurship (CAME) at the University of Florida (UF) and Director of the Innovative Research and Intercultural Education (IRIE) Center, has pioneered a methodological intervention that depends on the arts to help find, understand, and tell these stories: Evocative Ethnography (Figure 1). Evocative Ethnography is an academic-artistic-healing endeavor aimed at bringing feminist, decolonial ways of knowing the world to the fore. It not only explores "whose story gets told?" but also delves into the intricacies of "how do the stories get told?" Aligned with Black Studies as a "mode of knowledge production," as articulated by Alexander Weheliye, it draws inspiration from scholars such as Trinh Minh-ha, Audre Lourde, Faye Harrison, and others who intertwine poetry, artistic expression, and theory. This approach is intimately connected to Afrofuturism (speculation of liberation) and Ubuntu (an African word from Bantu speaking people meaning “I am because you are”). It supports social justice goals by decolonizing representations through deep collaboration and communal arts experiences.
Decolonizing Representation Workshops
Concha-Holmes collaborated with colleagues across disciplines, professions, and entrepreneurial aspirations to create the Decolonizing Representation: Past, Present and Future workshop series. These full-day workshops engaged the UF Digital Collections, the Samuel Proctor Oral History Program (SPOHP) archives, art, and digital tools to examine and reimagine representations of Black, Latinx, Indigenous, Asian, LGBTQ1A+ groups and people with disabilities at the University of Florida. After meetings with professors and students from across campus, African American Studies librarian Stephanie Birch, UF historian Carl Van Ness, and Concha-Holmes facilitated two workshops at UF: Tracing Underrepresented Historical Legacies and Designing A Future Otherwise. Participants included UF deans, professors, staff, undergraduate and graduate students, alumni, and community members. Participants were from eleven countries including India, Algeria, Argentina, Haiti, Ghana, Nigeria, Brazil, China, the Philippines, and the U.S..
The workshops integrated communal arts experiences and critical art-making activities, as well as archival research and the creation of a research repository. For example, one workshop began with musical performance and participatory music-making. (Video 1)
Later in that workshop, Van Ness, the university historian, instructed participants how to conduct archival research with online resources and old newspapers. (Figure 2) Their work became part of the repository that future participants used.
Following “What if” prompts, participants collaboratively made clay scenarios of a future they would like to experience. These were brought to life in stop-motion video.
Workshop participants improved their knowledge of decolonization as a conceptual tool and as a tool of praxis, sharing conversations and the collaborative production of an alternative future with people from different countries and different positions. One participating professor said:
The experience of this workshop, the tactility of it, the creation part, really made me think about a couple of things: praxis, and thinking about my classroom, and how to transform my own classroom; thinking about community, very much loving the fact that I can connect with people that I would have never connected with outside of this workshop...
Continuing the Work in the Community
This work to convey underrepresented stories through innovative, collaborative partnerships developed into six interconnected grant-funded projects on African descendants in Florida. For these interwoven projects, we conducted research, crafted multimodal products to share the research with the public, continued the Decolonizing Representation workshops, and created communal learning experiences at historically significant Black locations, public museums, and in university and high school classrooms. Additionally, we integrated graduate, undergraduate, and high school students into the process, enabling learning through field trips and praxis.
In one such event, local K-12 teachers, students, and community leaders learned about oral history interviews of local African American leaders in the Samuel Proctor Oral History (SPOHP) archives and in the repositories we had created in earlier Decolonizing Representations workshops. Scholars, community leaders, and artists gave poignant presentations including: Afrofuturist scholar Julian Chambliss on Afrofuturism and zine-making; Executive Director of the Cotton Club Museum and Cultural Center Vivian Filer on poetic storytelling or "storiespoeticallytold"; visual and ecological anthropologist Amanda Concha-Holmes on Evocative Ethnography as praxis; local historian Cynthia Wilson-Graham on the importance of joy for Black families at Paradise Park during the Jim Crow South. Additionally, Poet Laureate of Alachua County J. Stanley Richardson and doctoral student in education Alexis Freeman offered their poems and Mosunmola Adeojo guided everyone in Yoruba call and response singing.-
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Figure 9. This zine, entitled “The Silenced, was created at the workshop and is about enslaved Africans who were sent to East Florida. They wore a “yellow silk ferret” or ribbon tied around the wrist to recognize them as enslaved. The zine includes newspaper clippings that show these folks for sale. It inquires, “How do we retrieve lives archived as commodities?
Following that workshop, we created an exhibit at the Harn Museum of Art during Family Night to show the works and encourage conversations around the stories. Dr. Eric Segal created an interactive exhibit on the touchscreen monitor that included some of the many digital media products we produced: 360-degree immersive videos, podcasts, oral history archives, digital mapping projects, photographs, videos, geospatial mapping, and a visual mapping of a content analysis of interviews. All had QR codes so the public could interactively engage and tell their own stories.
Student Podcasts
Within our ongoing community collaborations, Ryan Vasquez, Multimedia News Manager at UF’s PBS television affiliate WUFT, co-directed the Decolonizing the Curriculum podcast series. Podcast episodes were paired with community listening events that integrated artists, scholars, K-12 teachers, and community leaders at historically significant Black locales. These events featured arts and humanities speakers, food catered by local women-owned and Black-owned businesses, West African dancing and drumming, African-centric storytelling, and digital humanities exhibitions.
In addition, the public at these events was invited to evaluate and give feedback on the podcasts and animations we were creating. During one community listening event, educators told us that it was important that young voices of color also be included as narrators. So, we connected WUFT with African American Studies classes at Eastside High School and with the UF African American Studies Program. Through this program that we called SAAADHI (Sankofa African American Arts and Digital Humanities Initiative), students learned oral history archival research and podcasting skills, gaining valuable hands-on experience (Figures 11 and 12). These student podcasts were broadcast publicly. The final episode on Unsung Black Heroes of Alachua County was created with Ms. Lyon’s Eastside high school students and facilitated by Alachua County Public Schools Social Studies Curriculum Specialist Dr. Jon Rehm using the Samuel Proctor Oral History archives.
At an end-of-semester celebration, students had their portraits professionally taken and were presented with printed certificates recognizing their accomplishments. The UF College of Journalism and Communications offered a free summer program to the students, while SPOHP and CAME offered them paid summer internships.
Following that initial work, we were able to open a media lab at the high school so students could continue to create podcasts and media productions. We have continued to bring in African and African American Studies scholars to their classes as well as bring the students to the university campus, including to the WUFT recording studio. As with the classroom visits, the studio visits include community members sharing arts and/or history (Figure 13), as well as hands-on experience in film and audio production (Figure 14).

The Collaboratory and Next Steps
Now, we, along with other scholars, artists, and community leaders, meet as The Collaboratory. Contributors share their research and provide collective support to sustain challenges to increasingly oppressive legislation that bans books and subjects from schools. We excavate, evoke, and share hidden stories of success, joy, and cultural nuance that promote understanding of Black lives in the U.S. South. Using archives, memories, and artifacts, we weave together a rich tapestry of oral histories, interviews, archival footage, music, art, dance performances, animated vignettes, and theatrical reenactments into digital storytelling experiences that evoke counter-narratives to mainstream stereotypes in ways that are culturally relevant for African descendant communities and the global public at large, and that confront and heal the traumas of racism.
Importantly, we inspire each other to continue our work through new collaborations—for example, through animation. Animation is an artistic and accessible form to teach students and community members hidden histories in evocative ways (Video 3).
This animation, and Collaboratory research, are the basis for the next phases of the project. We are now working on a multimodal manuscript that will be published with Afro-PWW (Publishing Without Walls). We are also submitting grant proposals to craft a documentary television series evoking the hidden histories of Black lives in the U.S. South, as well as to translate biographies into avatars and environments for a series of video games so the next generation can learn these important stories in evocative ways.
The use of critical art making and community bonding that happens when we experience the past, dynamically create the present, and design the future is palpable and necessary for an improved future with cultural competency.
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